"Education Financing, Digital Learning Readiness, and Human Capital Development in Bangladesh"
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Abstract
Educational investment, digital learning and manpower development are modern ways to build expert workforces with knowledge for economic growth. Bangladesh faces severe difficulties such as low GDP on education, lack of modern technologies in rural areas, uneven access to technology and education. It impacts Human Resource Development (HRD). Analysis from 1995 to 2024 of Bangladesh’s societal transformations in infrastructural development on human capital growth but still inefficient studies in financing, digital readiness and human capital. The objectives show the interaction between finance of education and human capital development for digital learning in Bangladesh. It aims to find out funding for education with a future-ready workforce. This research relies on a secondary dataset for the period of 1995 to 2024 from the World Development Indicators (WDI) for Bangladesh. The focus of this research was on government spending of GDP on education ranging from 1.13% to 2.20%, internet access from 0% to as high as 53.42% during the period along with university enrollment increasing from 5.25% to 24.20%. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the range of variables and correlation analysis was applied through Excel to check whether education financing, digital readiness and human capital indicators are related to each other. The data shows that over 30 years (1995-2024) internet access, school enrollment, adult literacy and GDP per capita all increased significantly in Bangladesh. From 0%, internet usage rose to 53.42% of the population. There are two very strong positive relationships between internet use and GDP per capita (r = 0.98) and between internet use and tertiary enrollment (r = 0.941). Electricity access and adult literacy also have positive relationships (r = -0.971). Literacy (r = -0.30) and secondary enrollment (r = -0.298) both share a weak negative correlation in government expenditure on education. To drive human capital development, that level of education spending is not sufficient alone. The quality and effectiveness matter more. Though internet access showed a strong association, education expenses remained low. Therefore, bigger and greater investment is needed to build a skilled and future ready workforce.
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Publication Details
- Type of Publication:
- Conference Name: "National Interdisciplinary Conference on Sustainable Development Goals-2026 (NICSDG 2026)"
- Date of Conference: 17/07/2026 - 17/07/2026
- Venue: "Metropolitan University, Bateshwar, Sylhet-3104,Bangladesh"
- Organizer: Metropolitan University Research Society- MURS