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Nature-Based Solutions for Environmental Sustainability and Climate Resilience in Bangladesh

Students & Supervisors

Student Authors
Abdullah Al Rafi
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science & Engineering, FST
Faiyaz Ibna Shawkat
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science & Engineering, FST
Nafisa Mehzabin
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science & Engineering, FST
Lamia Islam Mim
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science & Engineering, FST
Susmoy Sarker
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science & Engineering, FST
Supervisors
Md Mortuza Ahmmed
Associate Professor, Faculty, FST

Abstract

"Bangladesh is exposed to climate challenges because of its geographical location and is facing environmental stress factors such as increasing CO₂ emissions and high rate of urbanization etc. Nature Based Solutions (NBS), especially forest restoration, represent main paths to increase climate resilience and contribute to sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study aims to quantitatively examine the effect of NBS on environmental indicators in Bangladesh for the last 30 years from 1995 to 2024 using secondary data from the World Bank Data360 WDI. The study uses descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression models to evaluate the impacts of forest area on CO₂ emissions as well as economic and social factors. Colab and Python packages were used for mathematical analysis. The descriptive analysis shows that forest cover has not changed significantly on average 14.58% with a standard deviation of 0.08% but CO₂ emissions per capita have increased from 0.177 to 0.715 tonnes and shares of renewable electricity have varied, with a minimum of 1.41%. The result of the regression shows that statistically the forest area has a negative effect on CO₂ emissions with coefficient of -0.42 and p value less than 0.01 while GDP per capita and an increase in the urban population are the main forces that increase CO₂ emissions. In addition, there is a significant relationship between increased forest area and improved safely managed drinking water p = 0.008 and renewable electricity output p = 0.003. Bangladesh has made key developments in GDP growth and poverty reduction, but increasing CO₂ emission is a major challenge. Accordingly, the test results presented above imply that the NBS rating by afforestation is an effective counteraction to the CO₂ emission trends, which concurrently promotes climate resilience and directly contributes to sustainable development as SDGs 6, 7, 13 and 15. "

Keywords

"NBS SDG CO₂ emissions forest area World Bank regression correlation analysis"

Publication Details

  • Type of Publication:
  • Conference Name: National Interdisciplinary Conference on Sustainable Development Goals-2026 (NICSDG-2026)
  • Date of Conference: 17/07/2026 - 17/07/2026
  • Venue: Metropolitan University, Bateshwar, Sylhet-3104, Bangladesh
  • Organizer: Metropolitan University Research Society
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